51
«And, therefore, the cultivation of a fine taste tends to promote the function of a fine judgment, which is a main help in the complex world of civilized existence» (Walter Bagehot, Physics and Politics, London, 1869, ch. VI).
52
«... et les lignes qui flattent l'œil de leurs proportions harmonieuses sont justement les lignes qui contentent l'intelligenee par des promesses d'éternité. Ajoutez à cet air de force l'air d'aisanee et d'élégance...» (Hippolyte Taine, Philosophie de l'art en Grèce, Paris, 1883, I, V,pp. 62-3; Taine is referring to Greek architecture generally).
53
More correctly «insania».
54
See Karl Rosenkranz, Aesthetik des Häßlischen (Königsberg, 1853); this work is mentioned by Guyau, Les problèmes de l'esthétique contemporaine.
55
See Victor Hugo, «Histoire éternelle de l'Utopie», section II of book 3 of Les travailleurs de la mer (Paris, 1886). According to Hugo, the inhabitants not only of Jersey but of the whole of «cet archipel puritain» cursed the boat in question, and they did so not in the name of a «tradición popular», as Rodó says, but because of the admonitions of a local preacher who justified his hostility with quotations from Génesis, saying: «A-t-on le droit de faire travailler ensemble l'eau et le feu que Dieu a séparés?» (ibid.). Rodó follows Hugo closely, however, in making this example illustrate more general observations on the nature of bigotry.
56
See J. B. Alberdi (1814-84), Bases y puntos de partida para la organización política de la República Argentina (2nd ed. Valparaíso, 1852), ch. XXXII: «Continuación del mismo asunto -En América gobernar es poblar.» The first edition of this work, which appeared in Buenos Aires earlier in 1852, has only 28 chapters and does not include the phrase as a chapter heading.
57
See Leçon XLVI of the Cours de philosophie positive (ed. cit. pp.11-160) and pp.58 and 60 below.
58
Heroes, Hero-worship and the Heroic in History (1841). Rodó read Carlyle in J. G. Orbón's translation (Madrid, 1893), for the second volume of which L. Alas -wrote a long prologue, developing ideas similar to those of Ariel. This faet was recognized both by Rodó (Archivo Rodó, armario 2, 3A 7, 20512) and by Alas in his review of Ariel.
59
The character in Flaubert's Madame Bovary.
60
«La cohue démocratique... Ils ne savent rien, et l'irréconciliable haine de l'Extraordinaire leur prête parfois une façon de logique... et c'est une légion de Prudhommes féroces avec ce seul mot pour tout idéal et pour tout évangile: Médioceité» (Charles Morice, La littérature de tout à l'heure, Paris, 1889,pp. 1-2). M. Joseph Prudhomme was a stock character in the satires of Henri Monnier (1799-1876).